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Sword & Planet Fiction

A History of Sword & Planet


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Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 13:48 05 Jul 2003
I thought I'd start a new Sword & Planet thread because recently I've been working on an essay about the history of the genre, and because I was also talking to Brad and both of us have an interest in the potential revival of Sword & Planet fiction.  The essay is too long to post in one post so I'm going to break it up into several posts, with the first part below.  I hope folks will find it of interest.
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SWORD AND PLANET FICTION

For sheer fun and adventure there is nothing better, in my opinion, than Sword & Planet fiction. What is Sword & Planet fiction, which is sometimes called Interplanetary Adventure? Well, Edgar Rice Burroughs created the prototype for it in 1911 when he wrote A Princess of Mars, which featured an earthman, John Carter, who is mysteriously transported to Mars, called Barsoom by it’s inhabitants.

The basic Sword & Planet story involves an earthman on a strange world where he must use his wits, his muscles, and his sword against a host of human and nonhuman foes.  The hero is chivalrous and the setting is an exotic alien world, often with multiple suns or multiple moons, populated by a variety of strange plants, animals, and intelligent beings.  The emphasis is on adventure--sword fights, wild escapes, and desperate rescues.  

Burroughs wrote ten, and started an eleventh, John Carter adventure, and also wrote five novels or novellas set on Venus with Carson Napier, another Earthman.  With these two series he started a publishing juggernaut that only ran out of steam in the early 1980s.  

The Barsoom books, in order, are A Princess of Mars, The Gods of Mars, The Warlord of Mars, Thuvia--Maid of Mars, The Chessmen of Mars, The Master Mind of Mars, A Fighting Man of Mars, Swords of Mars, Synthetic Men of Mars, Llana of Gathol, and John Carter of Mars.  The Venus books are Pirates of Venus, Lost on Venus, Carson of Venus, Escape on Venus, and The Wizard of Venus.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 13:50 05 Jul 2003
POST #2 OF SWORD AND PLANET FICTION.
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A book that some believe may have influenced Burroughs was Gulliver of Mars, (Originally Lieutenant Gulliver Jones), by Edwin L. Arnold, which was published in 1905.  This book is about Gulliver Jones, who gets to Mars by flying carpet but who has many adventures that suggest a possible influence on ERB.  I found this book interesting mostly because of the possible relationship to ERB’s work.

One of the first writers to follow in Burroughs’ footsteps was Otis Adelbert Kline, who wrote both a Martian and a Venusian series.  His Martian hero was Harry Thorne, an Earthman who is telepathically transported into the body of a Martian.  Similarly, Kline’s hero Robert Grandon exchanges his earth body for the body of a Prince of Venus and has many adventures.  I think there are only two Mars books by Kline, The Swordsman of Mars and The Outlaws of Mars.  There are three Venus books, Planet of Peril, Prince of Peril, and The Port of Peril.  These stories are pretty decent but not nearly as imaginative or rich as the John Carter books.

Kline was an agent as well as a writer and one of the authors he represented was Robert E. Howard, of Conan fame, who also wrote a barbaric Sword & Planet adventure entitled Almuric. Almuric is very good, but there is a mystery about the last chapter, which does not appear to have been written by Howard himself.  Some think Kline wrote it, but there are a number of other candidates who have been proposed for that authorship.

One of the best early Sword & Planet writers to follow in ERB’s footsteps was Gardner F. Fox, who wrote two excellent books about Alan Morgan, an earthman who finds war and love on the planet Llarn.  These are Warrior of Llarn and Thief of Llarn, the latter of which was one of the first fantasy books that I ever read.

Yet another early practitioner of Sword & Planet fiction was Edmond Hamilton, a pro writer who churned out dozens of books in many different genres.  His best Sword & Planet series involved an earthman named Stuart Merrick who is transported to the world of Kaldar in the Antares star system.  There were only three Kaldar stories, and as far as I know only one has been reprinted from the pulps, in a wonderful Sword & Planet collection called Swordsmen in the Sky, which also contains a Kline story.  It’s edited by Donald Wollheim and is well worth picking up.

A number of writers who are popular or well known today also started early in their careers with Sword & Planet novels.  These included Michael Moorcock, who, under the name Edward P. Bradbury, wrote three ERB-type adventures set on Mars and featuring an Earthman named Michael Kane.  These were republished later under different titles and with Moorcock’s name attached.  The original titles were, City of the Beast, Lord of the Spiders, and Masters of the Pit.  The reissued titles are Warriors of Mars, Blades of Mars, and Barbarians of Mars.  These are, in my opinion, not up to the quality of the John Carter books, or to Moorcock’s later Elric and Count Brass books.

Michael Resnick, an award winning writer of SF today, wrote two Sword & Planet novels in the 1960s set on Ganymede, Jupiter’s largest moon.  These are The Goddess of Ganymede and Pursuit on Ganymede, which feature an American soldier of fortune named Adam Thane.  They are fairly weak.

Andrew J. Offutt, perhaps best known today for his Sword and Sorcery, also wrote Sword & Planet adventure.  Chieftain of Andor is told in a straightforward adventure tone and is quite good.  Ardor on Aros is a satire with sexual undertones, though very restrained undertones by today’s standards.  I found it very weak.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 13:51 05 Jul 2003
POST #3 OF sWORD AND pLANET FICTION
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John Norman is the most infamous writer of Sword & Planet fiction.  His books about an Earthman named Tarl Cabot who is transported to the counter-earth of Gor, which is located on the other side of the sun directly opposite to Earth, are well known today for their portrayal of female sexual slavery.  I called them the “women-love-their-chains” books.  Although the sex and slavery aspects became more and more dominant in the series as it continued, and eventually made the books unreadable, the first few volumes have only a little of this and are pretty good Sword & Planet adventure.  There are twenty-six Gor books, but I would only recommend the first six, Tarnsman of Gor, Outlaw of Gor, Priest-Kings of Gor, Nomads of Gor (very good), Assassin of Gor, and Raiders of Gor.

The best post-ERB Sword & Planet fiction, to my way of thinking, was written by the British writer Kenneth Bulmer under the pseudonym of Alan Burt Akers.  Akers wrote fifty-three volumes (only thirty-seven of which were published in English) and a novella about the character Dray Prescot, who is transported to the world of Kregen in the star system of Antares by mysterious forces who hope to use him as a pawn in a world spanning conflict.  Prescot has other ideas, of course.  

I won’t list all the Prescot books here, though if anyone wants to know they can email me at cgramlic@cox.net and I’ll give them a list.  The first four books are Transit to Scorpio, The Suns of Scorpio, Warrior of Scorpio, and Swordships of Scorpio.  All are pretty good.  The best books in the series, though, to me, are Renegade of Kregen and Krozair of Kregen (#s 13 and 14) and A Sword for Kregen (#20).  Later writers, including Tim Jones at Vandah Books, have tried to continue the story of Kregen.  And a number of fans have gathered together on Yahoo to start a “Prescot” list which is working toward getting the rest of the Kregen books written by Akers printed in English.  So far they have appeared only in German even though they were originally written in English by Bulmer.

Lin Carter made almost his entire writing career out of following in the footsteps of Edgar Rice Burroughs and Robert E. Howard.  He wrote a bunch of Sword & Planet books, including a series set on Jupiter’s moon Callisto.  These involve an Earthman named Jonathan Dark, who becomes known as Jandar of Callisto.  There are eight books in this series.  A better series by Carter is the Green Star series featuring a crippled Earthman who is projected into the body of the hero Karn on a wild planet that circles under the “Green Star.”  These are my favorite Lin Carter books and consist of Under the Green Star, When the Green Star Calls, By the Light of the Green Star, As the Green Star Rises, and In the Green Star’s Glow.

There are many, many other writers who made a mark in Sword & Planet fiction--Mike Sirota with his four “Reglathium” books, Hugh Walker with his three highly recommended “Magira” books (War Gamers’ world, Army of Darkness, and Messengers of Darkness), Wallace Moore with his two unrecommended “Balzan” books, Robert Adams with his two “Stairway to Forever” books, and Charles Nuetzel with Warriors of Noomas and Raiders of Noomas.  Even Philip Jose Farmer wrote a series of books verging on Sword & Planet themes with his “World of Tiers” novels, the first five of which were very good.

But what was the worst Sword & Planet novel ever written?  In my opinion, that honor goes to Warlord of Ghandor by Del DowDell, which features Robert Dowdall of Ireland who walks into a mist and ends up on the planet Ghandor, directly opposite Earth on the other side of the sun, a counter earth created long after John Norman wrote of Gor.  The problem is that Dowdall is so much stronger and faster than his enemies, by virtue of Ghandor’s miniscule gravity, that he is like superman.  He even has a sword that cuts through his enemies swords as if they were butter.  Not exactly thrilling adventure.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 13:52 05 Jul 2003
POST #4 (LAST POST) OF SWORD AND PLANET FICTION
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In the United States, Sword & Planet fiction largely died on the vine in the early 1980s, as witnessed by the end of the Dray Prescot series with #37 when there were plenty more being published in German.  I’ve never been sure why this type of fiction disappeared.  The trend in American fantasy began to move more toward high fantasy and began to attract a lot of women readers and women writers who, it seemed to me, were less interested in the sheer adventure aspects of the Sword & Planet genre.  

Sword & Planet fiction is still being read and is still being written.  It’s just not being published in mass paperback format anymore.  It’s an area of fantasy that I personally love, and as a writer I would like nothing more than to see it make a comeback.  I know a lot of readers who feel the same way.

If Sword & Planet novels ever start being published again, I have three of them waiting--Swords of Talera, Wings Over Talera, and Witch of Talera--all of which feature an American named Ruenn Maclang who finds his way through a star portal to the beautiful and dangerous world of Talera.  The first two were serialized by Fading Shadows, Inc, but it looks like that group has folded before the last one will have a chance to be published.  

So, until the future rebirth of Sword & Planet fiction, come with me now to an older time, to worlds of grand adventure where battles flame and warriors of bravery face their deaths with blood-stained swords in their fists.  Pick up some of the books I’ve mentioned above, and rock on.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Brad on 20:49 05 Jul 2003
Charles,

This is fantastic.  Thank you very much for posting this.  It starts us off as a good reference guide to finding classic Swords and Planet authors (and weed out a few of the dogs too.)  ;)

You are right, I hope to make a subsite here on Shadowdark.org that will help with the Sword and Planet revival.  I got so many hours of enjoyment out of reading ERB.  Now that I find out there are many more S&P authors, I find they are all out of print and forgotten.  How sad.

Are any of the modern S&P authors getting published?
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 22:27 05 Jul 2003
Brad,

I know the major publishers aren't publishing any new Sword & Planet authors, and the only one they ever reprint is ERB.  A couple of small presses have re-released some of the John Norman books, (like Circlet Press).  I don't think, though, that even the small press publishers are doing much to revive Sword & Planet stuff.  And yet I'm positive there is a market if someone would just tap it.  If I had the money to start my own publishing company that would be exactly what I'd try to do.

Oh, one other thing, the pulp, Planet Stories, was the premiere Sword & Planet Pulp in the old days.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by MoonHunter on 01:21 06 Jul 2003
Thinking along those lines....
  Are there any ePublishing sites doing Sword and Planet releases?  If things are being written and not published, I would think self publishing and epublishing would be a god send?

  Why aren't these books available print on demand?  Is there no core site that people have set up for them?

  I know there are a few Sword and Planet type Fantasy RPG projects out there. One D20 project, One Indie, and Mine (though mine is on the edge of the genre).  At best these will probably be PDF/ eReleases, but if they take off they will be hard copy game books.

A core site, with PoD or eRelease, with a mail list and associated rings to suck people into it, might be a good thing... if you people want to push the genre some.  I am sure we are not the only fans.  If SteamPunk and Victoriana can have a growing number of fans, I am sure this genre can.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Brad on 08:07 06 Jul 2003
MH, Some good ideas on a website, I want to clear my desk of several projects and then I'll try to work on something.  Enough of a site so that people can find it if they are looking for it.  Once they find it they will have resources to locate more.  It would be nice to list any enovelists or POD books coming out too, if they are out there.

POD is very good for keeping older works in print.  I know FoxAcre Press and Wildside Press are both doing that.

I am sure you guys already know about the publishers listed here but I will post the links for anyone else that might come along.  I try to list the ones with some SF expertise.

Print on Demand Publishers:
http://planetdoomportal.searchking.com/directo...._Demand

eBooks Publishers:
http://planetdoomportal.searchking.com/directo....lishers
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Brad on 08:16 06 Jul 2003
Striking the first blow.  I have put "Swords and Planet" in as a genre in the new Interactive Stories section here on Shadowdark.org.  It act as a prompt to visitors.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 18:13 06 Jul 2003
I registered at interactive stories.  This is primarily for people who want to do a shared world kind of story?  A shared world Sword & Planet could be fun.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Brad on 18:58 06 Jul 2003
Quote (Kainja @ July 06 2003,15:13)
I registered at interactive stories.  This is primarily for people who want to do a shared world kind of story?  A shared world Sword & Planet could be fun.

Hi Kainja,

It can be both.  The member starting a story can choose to leave it open and let others add a paragraph or lock the story so that only the original author can add.  One can also declare a story finished.  I liked having the choice of one author or true interactive stories as a feature of this script.  So it can be done either way. :)
Sword & Planet Fiction - by MoonHunter on 22:51 06 Jul 2003
So do you want to game in your own world, or play in the world of one of the classics?

I am usually the tall furry thing, or the short slimy thing,  but I could do tall, green, and four arms.
Sword & Planet Fiction - by Kainja on 23:12 08 Jul 2003
What do you think, Moonhunter?  I like creating my own worlds to play in but if we were going to do a shared world story we might better do one that is based on a fantasy world we've all read about.  Such as barsoom.  

I do have a world I created called Shimmer that I was going to offer at one point to a group as a shared world.  I could possible lay that out if folks were interested.  It would be pretty wide open as far as development goes
Sword & Planet Fiction - by MoonHunter on 01:12 09 Jul 2003
If you could post some short bits on your world in the new section for this, we could decide.  

New worlds is perfectly good for me... just we will need a few bits about it... so we can all be heading in the same direction.

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